he binding energy per nucleon of atomic nuclei for 107--110 elements is determined using the mass relations for np-correlations and separation energy of two nucleons. The estimations of alpha-decay energies are gained based on the obtained data.
Show AbstractA new method for the separation of inclined extensive air showers (EAS) according to the their primary particle masses is considered based on the directly measurable characteristics of the lateral distribution (LD) of Cherenkov light (CL) and enabling to attribute the showers to one of the three mass groups in the event-by-event approach in the primary energy range & 10^16 eV. The method is destined for the processing of the inclined EAS events detected by SPHERE-2 experiment. Quantitative characteristics of the universal selection criterion are specified, its weak dependence on the night sky background is stated. The criterion’s quality measures are to be considered as the landmarks for the future work because they are assessed for CL LD at the snowed ground level and thus do not account for the the process of the reflected CL detection by SPHERE-2 telescope. The method might be interesting for the now active and future detector arrays intended for EAS studies using CL.
Show AbstractMethod is described for the estimation of the energy of a primary particle initiating an extensive air shower (EAS) by a network of fast optical detectors being a part of a high mountain detector array, which was developed within a framework of Pamir XXI project. For a specific configuration of a network of 11 ×11 detectors an analysis was made of the uncertainties of energy estimates for EAS coming from different primary nuclei in 1 100 PeV energy range. For proton showers a technique of introducing corrections to energy estimates is considered cancelling the effe ct of strong longitudinal fluctuations of overshoot type. The results of the work could be useful for other high mountain projects as well as for the EAS method on the whole.
Show AbstractTheoretically, the current spectra of seismic signals generated by a moving source and recorded by a sensor mounted on the ground surface near the track are analyzed. A two-dimensional representation of the signal power spectral density is used as a function of two arguments: source coordinate - frequency. The illustrations demonstrate the reliefs corresponding to the two-dimensional representation of the spectral characteristics of the seismic signal recorded at different speeds of the source. The features of the signal level change curve during source and terrain movement in a two-dimensional representation of the current spectrum are discussed depending on the ratio of sedimentary stratum parameters: the upper layer and the underlying half-space. The possibility of estimating the speed and determining the direction of source motion based on registration by a single receiver is shown.
Show AbstractPaleomagnetic studies of igneous rocks of the Avachinsky volcano are carried out and preliminary results of determining the angular elements of the geomagnetic field are obtained. The direction of the geomagnetic field was determined for the most stable part of the natural remanent magnetization of 53 samples from 7 sites: 18 samples from 3 sites (sampling point N 53° 12’, E 158° 48’) from the lava flow of the historical eruption of 1827 and 35 samples from 4 sites (sampling point N 53° 16’, E 158° 49’) from the lava flow which age exceeds 3500 years. Using the first group of samples (N = 3), the position of the virtual geomagnetic pole was obtained with the coordinates Plat = 66º ± 4º, Plong = 266º ± 5º, which, within the error, coincides with the position of the north magnetic pole, registered in 1831. For the second group of samples (N = 4), the coordinates of the virtual geomagnetic pole are Plat = 83º ± 3º, Plong = 254º ± 21º. Based on a comparison of the obtained coordinates of the virtual geomagnetic pole and paleointensity with the paleosecular variations of the magnitude and direction of the Earth’s dipole magnetic moment over the past 9000 years, it is concluded that the second investigated flow refers to the lava eruption that occurred about 5000-5500 years ago.
Show AbstractOptical characteristics of mineral dust is currently remain uncertain, which proves the need for an analysis of its contribution to the radiation balance and requires a study of the properties of the dust at the regional level. The aim of this work is to determine the optical characteristics of dust aerosol in the long-wavelength spectral region over the Black Sea region, followed by checking the accuracy of the existing algorithms for its identification. AERONET (Aerosol Robotic Network), the international network of ground-based photometers, and CALIOP (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization) remote sensing results were used as a data source. In this paper the following optical parameters aerosol investigated: single scattering albedo (SSA), lidar ratio (Sa), depolarization ratios and aerosol optical thickness (AOT). Based on the value of the dust coefficient (Rd) at 0.53 ≤ Rd ≤ 0.89, the aerosol is mixed dust, at values higher it is pure dust. Depending on the single scattering albedo, absorption is weak when 0.90 ≤ SSA ≤ 0.95; if this indicator is higher, then absorption is strong. Based on many years of statistics, a mixed dust aerosol with weak absorption for the Black Sea region was identified. A comparative analysis of the data from the AERONET and CALIPSO models showed a strong correlation of the results.
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