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Найдено: 1411

Response of the muon hodoscope URAGAN to the thunderstorm events occurred in the Moscow region

A. P. Kachur$^1$, A. N. Dmitrieva$^1$, A. A. Kovylyaeva$^1$, V. V. Shutenko$^1$

Memoirs of the Faculty of Physics 2018. N 4.

The flux of muons generated in the atmosphere is sensitive to changes of its basic thermodynamic parameters along the particle trajectory. This dependence is used for the muon diagnostics of the atmosphere. It can be used to trace the dynamics of such events as thunderstorms. In this work the search of thunderstorm-caused disturbances of the muon flux registered by the muon hodoscope URAGAN was conducted by an automatic method of finding of the significant deviations of the current values of the muon counting rate ($I_\text{sum}$) and local anisotropy parameters ($r_\text{south}$, $r_\text{east}$, $r_\text{z}$) from their moving average. The dates selected by this way were compared with the thunderstorm observation dates from the data of three independent meteorological stations ``Domodedovo'', ``VDNKh'' and ``Balchug'' as well as with the data of the meteorological station located in the Experimental Complex NEVOD. The analysis of the obtained data showed that the characteristic events for a thunderstorm are single deviations in the considered parameters, which usually occur several times during a thunderstorm. Also, during a thunderstorm, periodic perturbations with periods in the range from one to five hours are found in the characteristics of the muon flux.

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Hydrodynamic behavior of proteins in concentrated solutions according to the pulsed field gradient NMR

A. M. Kusova$^{1,2}$, A. E. Sitnitsky$^1$, Yu. F. Zuev$^1$

Memoirs of the Faculty of Physics 2018. N 4.

The concentration dependences of self-diffusion coefficient of various proteins: fibrinogen, trypsin, α-chymotrypsin and αS-casein were studied by means of the pulse field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance. The experimental data was analyzed in a view of the Vink’s phenomenological approach based on the frictional formalism of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. The obtained results indicate that the phenomenological approach is universal and provides an adequate description of the experimental data for proteins of different structure and shape in a wide concentration range. With the help of Vink’s approach the diffusion mobility of proteins was characterized. The concentration was determined, when the αS-casein oligomerization appears.

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The effect of solar flares on the ionosphere of the Earth during 24th cycle of solar activity

S. V. Syrovatskiy$^{1,2}$, Yu. V. Yasyukevich$^{1,2}$, A. M. Vesnin$^2$, I. K. Edemskiy$^2$, S. V. Voeykov$^2$, I. V. Zhivetiev$^{2,3}$

Memoirs of the Faculty of Physics 2018. N 4.

This work describes of ionospheric effects from the data of global navigation satellite systems of a number of solar flares of different power classes (X-, M-, C-class) during 2014-2017. Our results demonstrate that the algorithm of averaging the derivative of the variations of the total electron content for all stations on the illuminated side of the Earth can exactly detect of X-сlass flares and with sufficient accuracy for practice detect of M-class flares in the automatic mode (the «signal skip» error is approximately 2.76%). Also shown that in some cases the variability of the ionospheric response is a consequence of the difference in the dynamics of solar radiation in the X-ray and ultraviolet frequency ranges.

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Phase phenomena in the 3D Ising gauge model

S. D. Mostovoy$^1$, O. V. Pavlovsky$^{1,2}$

Memoirs of the Faculty of Physics 2018. N 4.

In this paper phase phenomena in the three-dimensional Ising gauge model were studied. Using the Monte Carlo simulation method, it was shown that the model possesses a phase transition. To determine the critical temperature of the model several order parameters were considered: plaque magnetization, Wilson loops and the mass of the lattice defect (vacancy). Considering the Wilson loops of area 2 of different spatial forms, we have found the energy difference between them in the vicinity of the phase transition. It was also shown that the mass of the defect has a peak near the phase transition and that this peak's position tends to the critical point with increasing lattice volume.

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Empirical recovery of mathematical models of a linear measuring transducer and the optimal computing transducer

D. A. Balakin

Memoirs of the Faculty of Physics 2018. N 4.

It follows from the theory of measuring-computing systems that the requirements for a measuring transducer (MT) that forms measurement result during interaction with the measured object in order to obtain maximal interpretation accuracy significantly differ depending on how it is going to function — by itself or as a part of a measuring-computing transducer (MCT). In the second case, maximal interpretation accuracy has to be provided by the MCT that is considered to be a measuring device of the same purpose as the "perfect" device for the researcher. As a rule, an exact mathematical MT model and, hence, the algorithm realized by the computing transducer (CT) that provides maximal accuracy of MCT as a measuring device, are not known to the researcher, but he can perform test measurements of known objects. The aim of this article is to synthesize using test measurements both the response of a MT with unknown model and the optimal interpretation of the measurement result, i.e., the output signal of the MCT.

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