Express method of kidney monitoring for early detection of kidney damage

The necessity of determining kidney damage at an early stage using fast and reliable express methods was substantiated. A method based on refractive index measurements at three wavelengths with refractive index grading to the values of three main parameters (osmolarity, number of solids, density) was proposed for express method of kidney damage control. Additionally, the sizes of protein compounds were investigated and their sizes were also graded to refractive indices. The results of the study of model solutions are presented. Theoretical indices of kidney condition determination are established. The peculiarities of biological environment control using small-size refractometers working on the effect of total internal reflection are considered. Current express methods of kidney disease diagnostics by means of urine measurement are analyzed. The advantages of using the refractometer design at three wavelengths in comparison with other methods are noted. The peculiarities of measuring the refractive index of biological liquids on the example of urine are established. The results of investigation of various samples at temperature T = 20°C in dependence of refractive index on wavelengths and their analysis are presented. The comparison of the obtained results with the results of measurements in clinical diagnostics is carried out.