The prospects for the development and advantages of using atmospheric optical communication lines for solving various tasks are considered. The main problem in these lines is identified, related to the mismatch of the position of the axes of the laser radiation and the photodetector during the transmission of an optical signal, and the possibilities of existing systems for adjusting the trajectory of the axis of laser radiation with passive optical elements are evaluated. The features of the construction of the position of the laser radiation axis using an electro-optical system have been determined and a new automatic adjustment system has been developed. Mathematical relations have been derived for this design of the automatic system, which make it possible to choose its optimal configuration and material for control plates. The functional capabilities of adjusting the position of the laser radiation axis for various design options of an atmospheric optical communication line have been studied.
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$^2$Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
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