In the paper it is investigated the history of the introduction of entropy into thermodynamics and statistical mechanics. The role of entropy in the construction of a closed thermodynamic apparatus, the creation of a method of thermodynamic potentials, and the formation of the theory of thermodynamic equilibrium is considered. The role of statistical mechanics in explaining the laws of thermodynamics based on classical mechanics is investigated. Boltzmann's solution to this problem is presented. The connection between the introduction of probability into physics and the introduction of entropy is shown.
01.70.+w Philosophy of science
$^1$Department of Quantum Statistics and Field Theory, Faculty of Physics, M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University
Science News of the Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University
This new information publication, which is intended to convey to the staff, students and graduate students, faculty colleagues and partners of the main achievements of scientists and scientific information on the events in the life of university physicists.